Name: Adjarian-Gurian Dagger (Kama) Caucasus 19th Century
Brand: Antique Weapons
SKU: 31117
Availability: InStock

This item is a classic example of Caucasian cold weapons – a dagger known as a kama. Its specific shape and rich decorative embellishment using the technique of niello on silver allow it to be classified as belonging to the Adjarian-Gurian type, characteristic of the western part of Georgia. The dagger was used as part of the national costume (cherkesska) and also served as a reliable weapon for combat and hunting.

Description of the Collectible Dagger

The blade is made of steel, double-edged, with a pronounced fuller in the center to reduce weight and increase rigidity. It has a distinctive shape, wide at the base and tapering towards the tip. The blade bears a hallmark in the form of a stylized mark (a droplet-shaped sign), which serves as an identifier of the master or production center. The blade shows signs of historical use and sharpening.

The grip is made from dark wood. The pommel and ferrule (nut) are crafted from silver. The silver elements are richly adorned with intricate floral and geometric patterns using the niello technique.

The wooden base of the scabbard is covered with leather. The throat and tip of the scabbard are made of silver. The silver parts are lavishly decorated with intricate niello patterns typical of the Georgian/Adjarian style. The decoration of the scabbard often mirrors the pattern on the grip, creating a cohesive ensemble. In this case, signs of old restoration on the cup and throat of the scabbard are visible.

Historical Context and Value

Kama: The term “kama” is common for this type of dagger, which was an integral part of the weaponry and attire of the highlanders of the Caucasus.
Niello: The technique of niello was perfected in centers like Tiflis (Tbilisi) and Kubachi. The use of this technique on the dagger emphasizes its high status and collectible value.
Adjarian Type: Adjarian-Gurian daggers often feature a wider blade and distinctive forms of silver fittings, distinguishing them from general Caucasian examples. The dagger was the most common type of cold weapon in the Caucasus throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. It was not just a weapon but also a symbol of honor and dignity. In the 19th century, during the period of active contacts with the Russian Empire, the demand for high-quality daggers was very high.
This antique item reflects the richness of the weapon-making traditions of the Caucasus, where weapon production was combined with jewelry art.